Complete Guide to EAN-13 Barcodes in India: The 890 Prefix & Retail Standards
The EAN-13 (European Article Number, now known internationally as the Global Trade Item Number or GTIN-13) is the mandatory barcode standard for retail products sold across India, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. In India's fast-growing retail economy—spanning modern supermarket chains, quick-commerce apps (Blinkit, Zepto, Instamart), and traditional neighborhood kirana stores—products must carry an accurate, high-contrast EAN-13 barcode to be accepted into distributor warehouses and scanned at checkout.
Anatomy of an Indian EAN-13 Barcode
Every EAN-13 barcode encodes 13 digits broken down into four essential blocks:
- Country Prefix (First 3 Digits): Identifies the national GS1 Member Organization that licensed the prefix. In India, official prefixes begin with
890. - Company Prefix (Next 4 to 6 Digits): A unique manufacturer license number issued to a registered enterprise by GS1 India.
- Product Reference (Next 3 to 5 Digits): Assigned by the manufacturer to uniquely designate each SKU, variant, size, and packaging format.
- Modulo-10 Check Digit (13th Digit): A mathematical check digit that validates the preceding 12 digits.
Step-by-Step EAN-13 Check Digit Calculation
Unlike UPC-A (where odd positions are multiplied by 3), the EAN-13 formula multiplies digits in even positions by 3:
- Number the first 12 digits from left to right (positions 1 through 12).
- Sum the digits in the odd positions (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11) with a weight of 1.
- Sum the digits in the even positions (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) and multiply that sum by 3.
- Add both numbers together to find the grand total.
- Divide the grand total by 10. If the remainder is 0, the check digit is 0. Otherwise, subtract the remainder from 10.
Related India Seller Tools
- Flipkart, Meesho & Amazon India Labels – Packaging stickers for Indian dispatch.
- GS1 India Registration Guide & Checklist – Costs, documents, and rules.
- EAN-13 Check Digit Calculator – Verify any 12-digit code mathematically.